Dive into expertly written articles designed specifically for optometry students. This section covers essential clinical techniques, academic tips, and practical insights to support your learning journey. Whether you’re preparing for exams or sharpening your clinical skills, our articles help you stay informed, confident, and ready for success in optometry school and beyond.
2.a. Contact lens – Induced papillary conjunctivitis (CLAPC): Contact Lenses Inflammation CLAPC is Inflammation of the upper tarsal conjunctiva, often due to mechanical and immunological responses to contact lenses and their deposits, can cause hyperemia and roughness of the conjunctival surface. This condition, characterized by the enlargement of papillae and a cobblestone appearance of the … Read more
Complications Related to Corneal Oedema and Hypoxia Corneal Oedema and Hypoxia: The cornea needs metabolic energy, which is generated through the aerobic breakdown of glucose. This process requires oxygen and results in the production of carbon dioxide. Normal cornea is avascular obtain its most of oxygen by the epithelium from the air via diffusion. As … Read more
Optometry is a crucial field in healthcare, focusing on eye care and vision health. With the increasing prevalence of vision problems globally, the demand for skilled optometrists is higher than ever. If you’re interested in eye care and looking for a recognized college to help you get started in optometry, you’ve come to the perfect … Read more
Have you ever wondered how we perceive colors and if everyone sees them the same way? Let’s learn one of the easy and commonly used colour vision tests, which is the “Ishihara Test”. ISHIHARA COLOR VISION TEST is a fascinating tool to screen the presence of red-green colour vision defects, it is based on the … Read more
Conjunctivitis, sometimes known as “pink eye,” is an infection- or allergy-related inflammation of the conjunctiva (a thin, clear membrane that covers the inside of the eyelid and the white part of the eye). The pink eye comes in a variety of forms, some of which are extremely infectious and transmit quickly from person to person … Read more
BINOCULAR VISION AND SPACE PERCEPTION Slide 1 Slide 2 Relative subjective visual direction (BINOCULAR VISION) Slide 3-5 Retinomotor values Slide 6-7 Common relative subjective visual direction Slide 8-11 Retinal correspondence (BINOCULAR VISION) Slide 12 Horopter Slide 13 Panum’s fusional space/ area Slide 14 Fixation disparity Slide 15-17 Diplopia Slide 18 Retinal rivalry Slide 19 Suppression … Read more
The Krimsky test is a widely accepted method of assessing the angle of deviation in strabismic patients. The Krimsky test is a modified version of Hirschberg’s Test, based on the well-established principle of Hering’s law of equal innervation. Test procedure: In the Modified Krimsky Test, the patient fixates on a penlight, and prisms are added … Read more
Procedure of Bell retinoscopy Bell retinoscopy procedure involves the use of a shiny steel ball, typically gold or silver in color, which is attached to a stick. The examiner holds the stick along the midline, at a certain distance from the patient. This technique derives its name from a small bell that used to hang … Read more
MEM is a dynamic retinoscopy technique involves the use of a retinoscope with a series of cards attached to its head using magnets, such as the Welch Allyn retinoscope. These cards have a central aperture that helps the examiner align their viewing axis with the subject’s visual axis. The cards contain targets, such as printed … Read more
Types of retinoscopy includes Static Retinoscopy Dynamic retinoscopy In static retinoscopy, the patient is instructed to focus on a distant target positioned 6 meters away, which is considered to be at optical infinity. The reason for using 6 meters as the standard distance for retinoscopy is that when light rays come from a source situated … Read more